W2000 Communication and Networking Services

The Windows 2000 Server operating system integrates complete network services to let organizations affordably set up and manage networks, connect remote employees, connect branch offices, and set up partner extranets. Windows 2000 Server adheres to standards-based protocols on an open platform, which can take advantage of new technologies as they are developed. It offers enhanced security and policy controls while still increasing performance and simplifying system setup, management, and use.

These documents provide information about the Microsoft Windows 2000 operating system networking and communication services, including support for DHCP, TCP/IP, Dynamic DNS, virtual private networking (VPN), Quality of Service (QoS), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), and telephony.

A Short Overview of QoS Mechanisms and Their

InteroperationDuring the past several years, numerous mechanisms have surfaced for providing quality of service (QoS) networks. The ultimate goal of these mechanisms is to provide improved network "service" to the applications at the edges of the network. This white paper discusses the benefits of QoS in general and examines available QoS mechanisms and how they interoperate.

An Overview of Inter-Domain Multicast Routing

Multicast routing is used to distribute data to multiple recipients. Until recently, the multicast routing protocols have concentrated on multicasting within a single domain. There is, however, also a demand for multicasting on a global scale, across the Internet. To accomplish this, a new set of protocols is under development. This paper discusses these protocols. It first explains the current inter-domain solution, which involves MBGP and MSDP, and then discusses several proposed long-term solutions, focusing on BGMP and MASC, but also including Express and Simple Multicast. This paper is intended as an introduction to the subject of inter-domain multicasting, to be used by IT managers who want an overview of the subject before reading the relevant RFCs.

A Sample TAPI 3.0 Application

TAPI 3.0 is an evolutionary API providing convergence of both traditional PSTN telephony and IP telephony. IP telephony is an emerging set of technologies that enables voice, data, and video collaboration over existing LANs, WANs, and the Internet. TAPI 3.0 enables IP telephony on Windows® operating systems by providing simple and generic methods for making connections between two or more computers and accessing any media streams involved in the connection.

This paper, intended for developers, discusses a sample application called Incoming that demonstrates the major features of TAPI 3.0. The code shows how to listen for and answer incoming calls that can, potentially, combine audio and video streams.

Application and Sub-application IDs for Windows 2000 Network Quality of Service

This white paper contains a list of known application and sub-application IDs carrying network application policy information. Windows® 2000 incorporates network Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms. These serve to:

Enable network managers to effectively manage network resources.

Provide the optimal end-user experience for users of network applications.

QoS mechanisms do this by enabling the network manager to recognize traffic that is associated with different applications and users and to allocate resources preferentially to certain subsets of traffic.

Connecting Your Network to the Internet

With Windows 2000 Server, making a connection to the Internet is easy, secure, and can be accomplished with relatively inexpensive hardware and basic Internet service provider (ISP) services.

This guide is intended for users of medium-sized Windows 2000 domain-based networks who want to set up Internet access and share it with local area network clients. It assumes a basic understanding of domain-based networks, Domain Naming Services (DNS), and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This guide is not intended as a comprehensive review of all routing features of Windows 2000, rather, it is a focused guide of the basic Internet gateway capabilities.

Connecting Remote Users to Your Network

Using the remote access services of Windows 2000 Server, you can configure remote access servers that provide connectivity to the corporate network for authorized users. This transparent connection allows remote access clients to access resources from remote locations as if they were physically attached to the network.

This guide outlines the steps needed to set up remote access with Windows 2000, and discusses deploying remote access clients. If you already upgraded your Windows NT 4.0 Remote Access Server to Windows 2000, then it should already be working for your remote users. In that case, this document may serve only as a guide setting up another remote access server or virtual private networking server.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for Windows 2000 Server

The Windows® 2000 Server operating system network includes an enhanced implementation of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), an open, industry standard that reduces the complexity of administering networks based on TCP/IP. This white paper discusses integrating DHCP with domain name system (DNS), enhanced monitoring and statistical reporting for DHCP servers, new vendor-specific options and user-class support, multicast address allocation, and rogue DHCP server detection--benefits that free administrators up from having to configure all the computers by hand.

Enabling Quality of Service Windows Sockets-based Mission-Critical Applications

Today's network customers are primarily concerned with Quality of Service (QoS) for mission-critical applications (such as Enterprise Resource Planning [ERP] applications), and only secondarily with QoS for multimedia applications. As a result, Microsoft has shifted its focus from quantitative QoS exclusively, to include qualitative QoS to support ERP and other such applications that are qualitative in nature. The QoS components previously built into the host were sufficiently modular and abstract to readily add this needed support for qualitative QoS.

This paper briefly explains the role of the host and the application in qualitative QoS, the benefits that can be expected by supporting it, and implementation notes. With very little work on the part of the application, significant benefits in the network service provided to qualitative application traffic can be realized.

Enforcement Points and Policy Decision Points

Optimal Quality of Service (QoS) functionality is realized when hosts and network equipment cooperate to enable management of network resources. Windows® 2000-based hosts (and to some degree Windows 98-based hosts) support application-based, signaled QoS. This functionality enables significant value-add when compared with management systems that rely exclusively on top-down provisioned, network-centric mechanisms. To realize these incremental benefits, complementary functionality is required in network equipment, in the form of signaling-aware policy enforcement points (PEP) and policy decision points (PDP). This document specifies various levels of PEP and PDP functionality that may be implemented by network equipment vendors in support of signaled (QoS). All specified functionality is based on open standards and published protocols.

Extending Your Network to Business Partners

Whether your organization uses an extranet to share information from your database, process orders, or supply customer service, deploying a Windows 2000-based extranet lets you make the best use of the information assets of your organization.

If you have an extranet already, you probably maintain two separate security environments—one for your internal employees and one for your business partners. Wouldn’t it be great to manage internal and external security from a single place and in a consistent way? You can with a Windows 2000-based extranet.

Windows 2000 builds on the familiar security infrastructure of Windows NT with standards-based technologies like public key infrastructure (PKI), Kerberos protocol, and IP Security (IPSec) to deliver an extranet solution that is fast and easy to deploy and manage. Let’s take a look at how to build a simple extranet with Windows 2000.

Introduction to IP Version 6

Due to recent concerns over the impending depletion of the current pool of Internet addresses and the desire to provide additional functionality for modern devices, an upgrade of the current version of the Internet Protocol (IP), called IPv4, is in the process of standardization. This new version, called IP Version 6 (IPv6), resolves unanticipated IPv4 design issues and is poised to take the Internet into the 21st Century. This paper describes the problems of the IPv4 Internet and how they are addressed by IPv6, IPv6 addressing, the new IPv6 header and its extensions, the IPv6 replacements for the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) and Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), neighboring node interaction, and IPv6 address autoconfiguration. This paper provides a foundation of Internet standards-based IPv6 concepts and is intended for network engineers and support professionals who are already familiar with basic networking concepts and TCP/IP.

IP Telephony with TAPI 3.0

TAPI 3.0 is an evolutionary API providing convergence of both traditional PSTN telephony and IP telephony. IP telephony is an emerging set of technologies that enables voice, data, and video collaboration over existing LANs, WANs, and the Internet. TAPI 3.0 enables IP telephony on Microsoft® Windows® operating systems by providing simple and generic methods for making connections between two or more computers and accessing any media streams involved in the connection. This paper presents an overview of TAPI 3.0 and shows how it can be deployed and configured with other services.

Implementing Directory Enabled Networks Using Windows 2000 Technology

Directory enabled networks (DEN) integrate directory services with the network infrastructure in ways that can reduce the total cost of ownership of the network. This document provides a framework for building directory enabled networks integrated with Active Directory^TM, the directory service included in the Microsoft® Windows® 2000 operating system. Network equipment vendors, network management software developers, and service providers can use the information in this white paper when developing network applications specifically designed for a Windows 2000 environment.

Microsoft Windows 2000 TCP/IP Implementation Details

This white paper describes the Microsoft® Windows® 2000 operating system TCP/IP implementation details, and is a supplement to the Microsoft Windows 2000 TCP/IP manuals. The Microsoft TCP/IP protocol suite is examined from the bottom up. Throughout the paper, network traces are used to illustrate key concepts. These traces were gathered and formatted using Microsoft Network Monitor, a software-based protocol tracing and analysis tool included in the Microsoft Systems Management Server product. The intended audience for this paper is network engineers and support professionals who are already familiar with TCP/IP.

Microsoft Privacy Protected Network Access: Virtual Private Networking and Intranet Security

This paper explains the Microsoft commitment to support Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP), Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP), and IPSec protocol to address diverse customer requirements, and details Microsoft plans for implementing these protocols on the Windows operating systems.

Microsoft Web Telephony Engine

The Microsoft® Web Telephony Engine is an open environment that enables Internet technologies and standards to be used to create and execute telephony applications. This technical paper describes the Web Telephony Engine, its applications, and benefits.

The Microsoft QoS Components

This white paper examines QoS components including the GQoS API, QoS service provider, RSVP signaling, Traffic Control API, and others. In Part I of this white paper, "A Short Overview of QoS Mechanisms and Their InterOperation," we described emerging QoS mechanisms and their application. We showed that the optimal QoS-enabled network relies on the cooperation of the host and the network. Microsoft is committed to enabling broad deployment of QoS-enabled networks by providing an extensive suite of QoS components. These include QoS-aware applications, QoS functionality in host operating systems, and network-based QoS components. Microsoft's QoS components are the topic of this part of the white paper.

PIM-SM Multicast Routing Protocol

This paper is an introduction to the PIM-SM multicast routing protocol, concentrating on version 2. It is intended for IT managers who are already familiar with multicasting, and who want an overview before reading the PIM-SM RFC. PIM-SM was designed to operate efficiently across wide area networks, where groups are sparsely distributed. It uses the traditional IP multicast model of receiver-initiated membership, supports both shared and shortest-path trees, is not dependent on a specific unicast routing protocol, and uses soft-state mechanisms to adapt to changing network conditions.

Quality of Service Technical White Paper

Within the past few years, there has been a rapid growth in network traffic. New applications, particularly multimedia applications, have placed increasing demands on networks, straining their ability to provide customers with a satisfactory experience. In answer to this situation, numerous mechanisms have surfaced for providing quality of service (QoS) networks.

Quality of Service Technical Overview

Quality of service (QoS) allows network administrators to use their existing resources efficiently, and to guarantee that critical applications receive high-quality service, without having to expand as quickly, or even over-provision, their networks. Deploying QoS means that network administrators can have better control over their networks, reduce costs, and improve customer satisfaction. This paper gives a high-level description of QoS. It explains the rationale for deploying QoS, the types of applications that can benefit from QoS, what mechanisms implement QoS, and Microsoft's commitment to QoS.

Securing Windows 2000 Network Resources Scenario Guide

In today’s world of connected networks the need for security, both on internal networks and the interface to the outside world, the Internet, is more crucial than ever. The Microsoft® Windows® 2000 platform gives you great flexibility and standards-based methods to achieve the highest level of security for user authentication as well as file, print and Web services. Windows 2000 introduces new authentication mechanisms like smart card and certificate-based logon. IP Security allows you to encrypt network communications between client and server or between your businesses over the Internet.

Specification of Incremental Functionality Supported by Third Party Policy

This white paper describes various levels of PEP and PDP functionality that may be implemented by network equipment vendors in support of signaled Quality of Service (QoS). All specified functionality is based on open standards and published protocols.

TAPI 3.0 Connection and Media Services

This white paper provides background for discussing TAPI 3.0 Service Providers (SPs) by reviewing the basics of TAPI 2.x SPs and pointing out the differences and parallels with TAPI 3.0 as they occur, beginning with a review of the TAPI 2.x distributed architecture.

TCP/IP Troubleshooting

Many network troubleshooting tools are available for Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Server and Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Professional. This chapter discusses the most common and most helpful tools included with the operating system or with the Windows 2000 Resource Kit.

Troubleshooting layer by layer is often a good way to quickly isolate problems; it allows you to discriminate between problems on the local host, a remote host, or a router. The troubleshooting tasks discussed here are organized using this layered approach.

Virtual Private Networking: An Overview

A virtual private network (VPN) connects the components of one network over another network. VPNs accomplish this by allowing the user to tunnel through the Internet or another public network in a manner that provides the same security and features formerly available only in private network. This paper provides an overview of virtual private networks (VPNs), describes their basic requirements, and discusses some of the key technologies that permit private networking over public internetworks.

Windows 2000 Domain Name System Overview

This overview focuses on Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Domain Name System (DNS), an implementation designed to streamline server administration and simplify DNS management. Business networks—whether providing back office services, intranet-based informational services, or Internet-based e-commerce—can benefit from many new technologies, features, and integrated technologies that constitute Windows 2000 DNS services.

Windows 2000 DNS White Paper

This paper describes the Windows® 2000 operating system Domain Naming System (DNS), including design, implementation, and migration issues. It discusses how DNS is implemented in Windows 2000, shows examples of DNS implementations, and describes the architectural criteria that network architects and administrators should consider when designing a DNS namespace for the Active Directory^TM service to provide reliable network naming services.

Windows 2000 Server Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) Overview

This paper provides an introduction to the Windows® 2000 operating system Internet Name Service (WINS), which introduces new features and enhancements to the WINS server, WINS client, and WINS Manager. WINS provides a distributed database for registering and querying dynamic computer name-to-IP address mapping in a routed network environment.

Windows 2000-Based Virtual Private Networking: Supporting VPN Interoperability

The Windows® 2000 operating system has integrated VPN technology that helps provide secure, low-cost remote access, and branch office connectivity over the Internet. This paper explains Microsoft’s commitment to support VPN interoperability through standards such as Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) and Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol with IPSec protocol (L2TP/IPSec).

Windows 2000 Virtual Private Networking Scenario

The use of both public and private networks to create a network connection is called a virtual private network (VPN). In this scenario, Electronic, Inc., a fictional company, has deployed Windows 2000 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) and Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) VPN technologies to create secure remote access, branch office, and business partner connectivity solutions. This paper describes the design and configuration of the Electronic, Inc. VPN and dial-up remote access infrastructure.

Windows 2000 Server Disaster Recovery Guidelines

The quantity of data being stored on computer networks has increased exponentially over the last decade. This data explosion shows no signs of slowing down. In addition, the number of users supported continues to increase, as does the complexity of network systems. In this constantly growing and changing environment, the information technology community must maintain mission-critical applications, prevent excessive downtime, and manage increasing business dependence on computer systems.

System administrators must protect their networks from both data loss and machine failure. This effort encompasses both routine procedures performed on an on-going basis and non-routine steps taken to prevent or recover from unexpected disasters.

Windows ATM Services

This white paper describes the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) services that Microsoft and other vendors provide in the Windows® operating systems. The paper provides a general overview of ATM technologies and describes how to deploy ATM in a variety of networking situations.

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